Towers and house-towers
 (BY GIACOMO GOLDANIGA)

 
     
   

Valcamonica is rich in towers and house-towers which, unlike the castles, are well preserved. There are still 25 solid towers but only three castles in a fairly good state. Most towers date back to the Medieval Period and some villages have more than one of them. Borno counts seven towers: the Agnellini tower (XII-XIII century), which is in the homonymous street and is set in the house "Romalge"; the Barète tower (XIII century) in Veneto street opposite the Sagrestà tower (XIII century); the Montanari or Gioaldì tower (XII century) in St. Fermo street, next to the house of the Dorotee Sisters; the Pagano tower (XIII century) in Veneto-Don Pinotti street; the Michèi tower (XIII century) in Pizzo Camino street, set in Miorini's house; the Re tower (XIII century) in Gorizia street, set in the house of the homonymous family.
Bienno has four towers: the Avanzini tower (XIV century) next to St. Mary's church; the Bontempi tower (XIV century) in Castello street, in the upper part of the village; the Rizzieri tower (XIV century) in Contrizio street and the Morandini tower (XIV century) in Castello square.
In Sonico there are four towers, all belonging to the Federici family: three of them are situated in a central square and one of them in Rino: The remains of other four towers have been found in Bles, Vione: three of them have a square plan and one has a circular plan. According to historical records three big towers (maybe Roman) were situated in the locality of Seragozza and other three in the locality of Collo.
Breno, besides the towers of the castle (the door tower, the Guelph tower, the Ghibelline tower) has three towers in its inhabited centre: the central tower, in Mazzini street; the Domenighini tower or the Sale tower, on the corner of Garibaldi and Romelli street; the Pezzotti tower, in Tonolini street.
In Malonno there are also three towers: the Forno tower or Federici tower (XIII century), in the upper part of the village; the tower of the Celeri Palace or Corazzina tower (XIV century) incorporated in the homonymous palace; the Cremesìa tower or Magnoni tower (XIII-XIV century), in S. Bernardino street.
At Capo di Ponte there are the remains of two towers, one dating from the Roman period at Dos de l'Arca and a medieval one at Le Sante.
An imposing and monumental civic tower (30 metres), belonging to the Gosio family, can be seen at Cividate. In the past it was believed to date from the Roman period but it actually dates from the XII century. A certain Migliorato di Sovia had this tower built which later became property of various noble families (Federici XIV-XVI-XVII centuries, Da Cemmo XV century, Beccagutti XV century, Spiotti). The remains of a second tower belonging to captains Lanfranchi are in Riviera street.
A beautiful high (more than 30 metres) and solid tower, with a meridian, can be seen in a square in Pisogne. It is known as the Bishop's tower and dates from the XIII century. In 1462 the Community of Pisogne bought it from the Bishop Malipero, in change of the estates they owned at Bagnolo. A second tower of small dimensions is situated in Berlai Square and belonged to the homonymous family.
At Erbanno, in Torre street, there is the Federici tower, built in 1300.
A well preserved medieval tower stands at the centre of Piancamuno, and at Beata the so called Torre Alta dominates the entrance road from a rock. At Artogne there are two towers one in IV Novembre Street, now belonging to the Lorenzetti family, and the "Tower of Castellino" recently restored, in locality Castèl.
The remains of a big guard-tower can be seen at Villa di Lozio overhanging the Castle, at about 1,300 metres. This tower at the time of Nobili, probably housed a lot of armed men.
At Berzo Inferiore the tower of Castel Vecchio or of Saiotte (from the name of the place where it is situated) stands on a slope overhanging the Grigna stream. It is incorporated in an agricultural building which hides the side where the entrance is. It dates from the XIV century and probably belonged to the Federicis.
At the centre of Cerveno remains of Roman towers can be seen. A solid tower with square basement dating from the XIII century, today a bell-tower, can be seen at Berzo Demo, close to St. Augustine's church. A short tower (15 metres) on which the Federici's house leans, dating from the XIV century, stands at Vezza d'Oglio. Historical information witness the existence of various towers in Val di Corteno, at Castione above Doegn, at Santicolo, at Santicolo, at S. Martino and at Piancembro.
The tipology of the tower-house can be seen at Esine, in the Federici's house at the centre of the village, dating from the XIV century; at Nadro of Ceto, maybe belonging to the Gaioni family; at Saviore, dating from the XV century and at Santicolo, in the locality Castellazzo, where a tower in medieval style and with a circular basement is incorporated in a modern house. Remains of fortified houses can be seen at Incudine in the locality Contrade.

 
       
 
 
 
The castles of Breno, Lozio, Gorzone and Cimbergo
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